{"id":3487,"date":"2019-07-31T16:40:12","date_gmt":"2019-07-31T16:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=3487"},"modified":"2019-07-31T16:41:47","modified_gmt":"2019-07-31T16:41:47","slug":"dark-horse-copyright-infringement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\/","title":{"rendered":"Does the 2013 Katy Perry hit \u201cDark Horse\u201d copy a 2008 Christian rap song?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"3488\" data-link=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/?attachment_id=3488\" class=\"wp-image-3488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse.jpg 600w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse-150x85.jpg 150w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This week, a Los Angeles jury ruled\nthat Katy Perry\u2019s 2013 hit song \u201cDark Horse\u201d featuring Juicy J infringes a 2008\nChristian rap song. The dispute began in 2014, when Christian rapper, Marcus\nGray, known to his audience as Flame, in addition to collaborators Lecrae and\nJohn Reilly, filed a lawsuit against Katy Perry, Juicy J, and other\ncollaborators of \u201cDark Horse\u201d alleging the hit infringed their rap song,\n\u201cJoyful Noise.\u201d The unanimous decision was handed down on July 29<sup>th<\/sup>,\nafter a week-long trial. The jury has yet to decide the amount of damages\ndefendants owe the Christian artists for copyright infringement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u201cDark Horse\u201d was first released by\nPerry in 2013 on her fourth album, <em>Prism<\/em>.\nThe song was produced by Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Cirkut, who were also named\nas co-defendants in this lawsuit. At the time, the song was lauded for its\nstrategic combination of techno, pop and trap music. Indeed, plaintiffs allege\nthat \u201cby any measure\u2026[the] song is a mega-hit.\u201d The song experienced weeks at\nthe top of <em>Billboard\u2019s <\/em>(as well as\nother) music charts. Millions of digital copies have been sold and downloaded\nthroughout this country. In addition, at the time the complaint was filed, more\nthan 400 million viewers worldwide had watched the official music video for\n\u201cDark Horse\u201d on YouTube. Moreover, Katy Perry performed \u201cDark Horse\u201d during her\n2015 Super Bowl halftime show.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u201cJoyful Noise,\u201d on the other hand,\nexperienced success in a niche market, due to its \u201cdevoutly religious message.\u201d\nThe song was created in 2007 and featured on Flame\u2019s fourth album, <em>Our World: Redeemed<\/em>, which was nominated\nfor a 2009 Grammy in the category of Best Rock or Rap Gospel Album and for a\n2008 Stellar Award for Rap Album. Additionally, \u201cJoyful Noise\u201d was nominated by\nthe Gospel Music Association for Rap\/Hip-Hop Recorded Song of the year in 2009.\nPlaintiffs allege that by mid-2014, nearly 3 million viewers had watched music\nvideo versions of \u201cJoyful Noise\u201d on YouTube.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In their complaint, the plaintiffs\nallege that Katy Perry and her collaborators never sought or obtained\npermission from plaintiffs to use the \u201cJoyful Noise\u201d song in creating and\nperforming \u201cDark Horse.\u201d Nonetheless, plaintiffs further contend, \u201cDark Horse\u201d\nis substantially similar to their copyrighted song. In this way, plaintiffs\nhave been irreparably harmed. Further, the Christian rapper argued that the\nreligious message of his song was irreparably tarnished by its association with\n\u201cDark Horse.\u201d More particularly, \u201cwitchcraft, paganism, black magic, and\nIlluminati imagery\u201d is evoked by the music of Perry\u2019s allegedly infringing\nsong. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Generally, copyright infringement occurs when a copyrighted work is\nreproduced, distributed, performed, publicly displayed, or made into a\nderivative work without the permission of the copyright owner. After ownership\nof a valid copyright is shown, to prove infringement, the plaintiff must\ndemonstrate (1) access to the protected work and (2) substantial similarity\nbetween the disputed works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To determine substantial similarity,\nobjective similarities between the works are compared after filtering out\nunprotectable elements of the copyright owner\u2019s work. At trial, the Christian\nartist argued numerous similarities between the two disputed songs. As one\nexample, both songs use derivative descending minor scales in a basic rhythm.\nAs another example, both works use staccato downbeat rhythms on a high voiced\nsynthesizer. However, as defendants argued, these are common elements of trap\nbeats. Additionally, defendants argued that the songs are in different keys and\nhave divergent beats per minute. Moreover, the melodies are not the same notes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Defendants\u2019 access to \u201cJoyful Noise\u201d\nwas also disputed during trial. Katy Perry and her co-defendants testified\nduring trial that they had never heard of \u201cJoyful Noise.\u201d In rebuttal,\nplaintiffs theorized that they may have heard it at the Grammy Awards or seen\nit on YouTube or MySpace, where the song was played millions of times.\nUltimately, the jury found access in addition to substantial similarity in\nfinding Katy Perry and her co-defendants liable for copyright infringement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; While the damages phase is to begin\nright away, still pending is a motion for judgment as a matter of law from Perry\u2019s\nlawyers requesting the U.S. District Judge to rule that no reasonable jury\ncould find copyright infringement based on the evidence presented at trial. If\nthe motion is granted, the judge would overturn the verdict and instead, find\nin favor of Perry and her co-defendants. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This week, a Los Angeles jury ruled that Katy Perry\u2019s 2013 hit song \u201cDark Horse\u201d featuring Juicy J infringes a 2008 Christian rap song. The dispute began in 2014, when Christian rapper, Marcus Gray, known to his audience as Flame, in addition to collaborators Lecrae and John Reilly, filed a lawsuit against Katy Perry,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","hentry","category-blog","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Does the 2013 Katy Perry hit \u201cDark Horse\u201d copy a 2008 Christian rap song? - Omni Legal Group Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Does the 2013 Katy Perry hit \u201cDark Horse\u201d copy a 2008 Christian rap song? - Omni Legal Group Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This week, a Los Angeles jury ruled that Katy Perry\u2019s 2013 hit song \u201cDark Horse\u201d featuring Juicy J infringes a 2008 Christian rap song. The dispute began in 2014, when Christian rapper, Marcus Gray, known to his audience as Flame, in addition to collaborators Lecrae and John Reilly, filed a lawsuit against Katy Perry,...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Omni Legal Group Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-07-31T16:40:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-07-31T16:41:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Omid Khalifeh\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Omid Khalifeh\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Omid Khalifeh\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e88d4972c6e30001cc41817b64d35fa4\"},\"headline\":\"Does the 2013 Katy Perry hit \u201cDark Horse\u201d copy a 2008 Christian rap song?\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-31T16:40:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-07-31T16:41:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":811,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/07\\\/Katy-Perry-Dark-Horse.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/omnilegalgroup.com\\\/blog\\\/dark-horse-copyright-infringement\\\/\",\"name\":\"Does the 2013 Katy Perry hit \u201cDark Horse\u201d copy a 2008 Christian rap song? 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