{"id":3542,"date":"2019-11-27T15:39:23","date_gmt":"2019-11-27T15:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=3542"},"modified":"2019-11-27T15:39:26","modified_gmt":"2019-11-27T15:39:26","slug":"will-the-supreme-court-deem-oracles-application-programming-interfaces-apis-worthy-of-copyright-protection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/will-the-supreme-court-deem-oracles-application-programming-interfaces-apis-worthy-of-copyright-protection\/","title":{"rendered":"Will the Supreme Court deem Oracle\u2019s application programming interfaces (APIs) worthy of copyright protection?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"3543\" data-link=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/?attachment_id=3543\" class=\"wp-image-3543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google-680x382.png 680w, https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Oracle-v.-Google.png 1842w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The United States Supreme Court\nrecently granted certiorari to hear <em>Oracle\nAmerica, Inc. v. Google LLC, <\/em>a case to determine whether application\nprogramming interfaces (\u201cAPIs\u201d) are protectable copyrightable expression. If\nAPIs are deemed protectable, the case will turn on whether Google\u2019s use of 37\npackages of Oracle\u2019s APIs in its Android operating system constitutes fair use\nunder copyright law. After receiving two adverse rulings from the Federal\nCircuit Court of Appeal, Google\u2019s request for Supreme Court review has been\nupheld. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The\ndispute began in 2005 when Google attempted to license from Sun Microsystems\ncertain components of Java that were not otherwise available through an open\nsource license. Sun Microsystems had implemented the Java API for desktop\ncomputers but Google sought to use it for smartphones and tablets. Google\nsought compatibility of Java programs within its Android mobile operating\nsystem environment as part of its ongoing mobile platform development scheme.\nHowever, after unsuccessfully negotiating said license, Google wrote its own\nversion of Java and copied the same names, organization, and functions as the\nJava APIs to save development time. A few years later, Oracle acquired Sun\nMicrosystems, and Oracle proved even less inclined to license the remaining\nJava components to Google.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Copyright\nprotection applies to an original works of authorship fixed in any tangible\nmedium of expression and includes literary works, musical works, dramatic\nworks, as well as many more. Copyright protection does not subsist for an idea,\nprocedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or\ndiscovery. Indeed, per the idea-expression dichotomy, only when an idea is\nexpressed in a protectable form may it be granted a copyright. It is the\nexpression, not the idea, which is protected in this way. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some\ncommentators feel strongly that APIs should be treated differently than\nprograms because they only specify what a program does and not how it does it. APIs\nare essentially components of code designed to help software applications and\noperating systems interact with each other. In this way, APIs facilitate\ninteroperability and therefore, help interface one software program or platform\nto another. Thus, some have argued that restricting API use without an express\nlicense directly contravenes the intended purpose of APIs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; On\nthe other side of the aisle, as Oracle argues, the Copyright Act protects\n\u201cliterary works,\u201d which necessarily includes non-literal components. Oracle\nalso points out that Google has cited no case finding computer code, or the\nstructure and organization of a computer program, to be devoid of copyright\nprotection. Finally, it may be argued that the idea-expression dichotomy is\ninapplicable here, contrary to Google\u2019s suggestion, because Oracle has not\nsought protection for the idea of organizing functions of a computer program\nbut rather, the particular way of naming and organizing each of the Java API\npackages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Even\nif Oracle\u2019s APIs are copyrightable, Google argues that its use of the same\nconstitutes a fair use. The fair use defense was designed to fulfill the\npurpose of copyright, according to the Constitution, which is \u201cto promote the\nprogress of science and useful arts.\u201d Fair use serves as a limited exception to\na copyright holder\u2019s exclusive rights and permits use of a copyrighted work if\nit is for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching,\nscholarship, research, or the like. In determining whether a particular use is\nfair, courts consider the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the\ncopyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used, and the\neffect of the use on the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.\nThe Supreme Court must also determine whether, if copyright protection subsists\nin APIs, Google\u2019s fairly used Oracle\u2019s Java package.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The United States Supreme Court recently granted certiorari to hear Oracle America, Inc. v. Google LLC, a case to determine whether application programming interfaces (\u201cAPIs\u201d) are protectable copyrightable expression. If APIs are deemed protectable, the case will turn on whether Google\u2019s use of 37 packages of Oracle\u2019s APIs in its Android operating system constitutes fair&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","hentry","category-blog","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Will the Supreme Court deem Oracle\u2019s application programming interfaces (APIs) worthy of copyright protection? - Omni Legal Group Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/omnilegalgroup.com\/blog\/will-the-supreme-court-deem-oracles-application-programming-interfaces-apis-worthy-of-copyright-protection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Will the Supreme Court deem Oracle\u2019s application programming interfaces (APIs) worthy of copyright protection? - Omni Legal Group Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The United States Supreme Court recently granted certiorari to hear Oracle America, Inc. v. 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